DRABCD

Primary Examination/Assessment
-DRABC

Secondary Examination/Assessment
-give consideration to profuse bleeding大量出血, breathing difficulties, shock and spinal injury
-give subjective interview and objective examination from head to toe(全身检查）

DRABCD
Healthcare Provider(EMS, 医护人员等）
Danger

Response

Airway

Breathing

Circulation
-check for the presence of the carotid pulse
-if no pulse, initiate CPR
-check for profuse bleeding(大量出血）

Defibrillation

Laymen初学者

Check for Danger
-to yourself
-to casualty
-to bystanders

Check for Response
-Alert
-Voice
-Pain
-Unresponsive (call for help)

Check Airway
-head tilt chin lift
-is airway clear?

Check Breathing
-look(chest raise) ,feel(breathing), listen(what problem did casualty face and what bystanders told you what they saw and heard)
-If no breathing, give 2 rescue blows
-check signs of life

• Breathing
• Movement
• Coughing

give Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation(CPR)
-(30 compression + 2 rescue blows) x 5cycles in 2mins

Defibrillation (if available)
-apply Automated External Defibrillator(AED)
-follow voice prompts

Automated External Defibrillator(AED)

-normally 150J~200J
AED shocks
-activate heart to work
-increase flow of blood
-increase the rate of survival to discharge from the hospital after shock with the AED was 40 percent.
-allowing the heart to reestablish an effective rhythm